In 2019, it is regarded as the first year of 5G commercialization. The 5G network will directly affect the 5G commercial process. With the acceleration of 5G commercialization, the industry is paying more and more attention to 5G bearer. In order to promote China's 5G bearer key technologies and development and innovation, fully support the 5G commercial process, May 16th, guided by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, China Communications Association, China Information and Communication Research Institute, China Mobile, China Telecom, China Unicom, China The "5G Bearer Technology Standards and Industry Seminar" of the 2019 World Telecommunication and Information Society Day Conference, which is strongly supported by the Tower, was held at the Nikko Hotel in Beijing New Century.

At the meeting, Zhang Haijun, deputy director of the Institute of Technology and Standards of China Information and Communication Research Institute, delivered a keynote speech on “5G Bearer Technology and Standardization Progress”. She said that 5G new services and network architectures put forward many new requirements for bearer networks, and the forwarding plane , collaborative management and synchronization constitute the overall architecture of the 5G bearer network. The variety of 5G optical modules to be converged needs to be converged. The evaluation of multi-vendor multi-type optical modules is carried out. The interoperability and compatibility have yet to be further verified.

The following is the speech content:
   Zhang Haijun: Good morning to all of you, I am very honored to be invited by the organizer to report on the progress of 5G bearer. I introduce several aspects, one is the progress of architecture, evaluation and standardization. On the one hand, I am the representative of China's ICT, and on the other hand, I also represent the working group carried by 5G. I would like to introduce the basic situation of the 5G bearer working group. The 5G bearer working group established on January 12, 2018, mainly promotes the testing and verification of key technologies and program innovations, and promotes the technological development of the entire industry and enhances China's international competitiveness in the field of 5G bearer. At the time of its establishment, there were 20 units and now 23 units. After the establishment of last year, until the beginning of this year, several related white papers and some achievements were released. In June 2018, some white papers carrying requirements were released. A technical white paper published at the 5G Summit in September 2018. In October 2018, the major companies jointly promoted the establishment of relevant standards. In January 19, a white paper on 5G optical modules was released.

Next, I will report the results of this time to everyone. 5G has three application scenarios: eMBB, uRLLC and mMTC. The networking structure has a relatively large change with respect to 4G, including the change of DOCO layout. The structure has also undergone relatively large changes. Due to the entire related changes, in fact, the demand also reflects a relatively large number of performance indicators or groups. Changes in the demand for the network. For larger bandwidth requirements, 100 G-class bandwidth, high-precision requirements to the order of 100 ns, ultra-low latency performance indicators, non-quantitative networking functions, multi-level bearer, flexible scheduling and layering Slice, intelligent collaborative management. The low-cost aspect is also a very important requirement for everyone. Last year, the entire bearer group fully discussed, and finally formed the overall structure of the bearer network divided into the following three levels; one is about the forwarding plane, and the other is the coordinated management and control, with the RAN controller Wait until the end-to-end requirements of the entire collaborative management. In addition, this side also lists the 5G synchronization network, which has higher requirements in 5G, so it is also specifically listed as a level. At the same time, the service capability of providing differentiated slicing through the entire network is discussed at the IPU meeting in October 2018. The concept of slicing is not much mentioned in the transport network, but more extended to the previous information network. Concept to implement slice related functions. From the perspective of 5G's pre-transmission technology, there are many ways to deploy CU and DU in a centralized manner. In addition, there are small centralized deployment and large centralized deployment modes, and some are networks composed of intermediate transmission and pre-transmission networks.

As you can see on the left, there are many kinds of fiber-optic direct-connected devices, including device functions such as OTN and STN. The mainstream methods have their own advantages and disadvantages. There are some differences in whether such management requirements and better control over the network are achieved in terms of specific resource consumption and remote management. From the current analysis, in the initial stage of 5G deployment, the predecessor's bearer is mainly optical fiber, supplemented by an auxiliary technical solution. The cost of the prequel is the focus of everyone's attention. In addition, the larger one is the 5G backhaul. There are currently three schemes being coordinated. One is the SPN solution. Here is China Mobile's main push, and the enhanced OTN solution, China Unicom and China Telecom. There are related pushes in this regard.

From today's comparison of different levels of technology, we can see that the zero-layer wave splitting layer is the lighting, the more common one, the upper layer and the second layer are a little different. The zero layer is a common plan for everyone in the middle pass plan. This low-cost industrial chain plays an important role in the promotion of collaborative industries. In addition, other solutions, SPN solutions, and IP2 convergence solutions have an increasing trend. In addition, the enhanced OTN solution, the second layer is mainly based on IP RAN technology, and will be different in the future 5G technical solution. The choice of the entire technical solution depends on the comprehensive cost of the network and the maturity of the industry.

Today, I also mentioned the key technologies of SPN. One is based on the channel interface of FlexE. The standard excuse of OIF specification is introduced to enhance the Ethernet interface. In the centralized control technology, the SRTT is also enhanced accordingly. The SRTT solution is also integrated in terms of protection. In the enhanced OTN, this is mainly to enhance the ability of the packet, and the forwarding technologies of the Layer 2 and Layer 3 are selected on demand, so some flexible screening is done. In addition, the dicing scheme is a combination of ODUK+L2 and L3. IP RAN enhances the key technologies to introduce SR and EVPN functions. Software upgrades to enhance Ethernet technology. In the laboratory evaluation and pilot test, the three major operators have made in-depth progress in the past two years, and the whole progress is very fast. From the beginning of May 18th, SPN Labs comprehensive evaluation test began, and the related demonstrations began in September and December. In addition, the SPN interface and multi-service connection of the new project were launched. In November, Guangzhou and Shanghai were opened. , Wuhan and other line network testing. From March to June 2019, it also supported the construction of a 5G scale trial commercial network. China Telecom has also carried out pilot verification of related network in Chengdu from 2018 to early 19th. This year's plan is to carry out verification of the bearer scheme based on enhanced OTN in Suzhou. Suzhou also carried out testing of the load-bearing program. By 1920, it entered the pilot and collection test phase of the network.

Automating end-to-end collaboration is a very important function. The management and control architecture hopes to adopt a system of management and control integration. Based on whether the northbound interface is open or not, it needs to be realized from the perspective of automation control requirements. It should be able to shield the details of the underlying network technology when it is open up. When meeting end-to-end management and control, the management and control requirements of the core network and wireless network access should also be considered when the slice orchestration and business orchestration are coordinated. Further implementation is also under discussion. In addition, the southbound interface is everyone's concern, but there is no consensus on the specific solution at the stage of discussion. The need for the entire control integration should be said to have spawned the opening of the southbound interface. This is also a common concern, but it will also face some problems, equipment-level resource management and service configuration. At the same time, the interface solution should fully consider the device level. There are multiple layers of control requirements, and we must solve the problem of zero-to-three-tier resource management.

Now there are a variety of southbound interfaces, such as BGP-LS, PCEP, NETCONF, etc. Due to the original requirements of the original function, in terms of specific implementation, it is not fully able to meet the corresponding requirements, and there may be some problems. Therefore, further analysis is needed. Choose a suitable interface that is open to practice.

In addition, the high-precision synchronization of this piece has also been analyzed accordingly. There are some basic business synchronization requirements that are comparable to 4G, but there are also indicators for the needs of collaborative services. At this time, it will be higher, with a few hundred The nano-level time synchronization requirements will be in the same base station. At this time, the pre-transmission network is required to realize the network synchronization function. For the end-to-end 100-nm network, the source is now dual-frequency and satellite common-view technology. In line with the specific indicators of ERPC, when the specific application, there will be a little less on some field conditions and requirements, because the new common vision requires basic research. In addition, the high-precision synchronous bearing of this block, the movement of this side is done by optimizing the algorithm and improving the accuracy of all aspects, the output performance can be better than plus or minus five nanoseconds, through these work, the number of hundred nanoseconds in this year The end-to-end implementation is possible and has been confirmed in some technologies. After 5G, in the vertical field, the Internet of Things, intelligent manufacturing, etc., the corresponding business has relatively high requirements for functions and performance, and future synchronization will play a big role in these aspects.

There is also a piece on the zero-layer side. Everyone has a relatively large demand for optical modules. Optical modules account for a very high proportion of the entire network and are also a very important factor for achieving low-cost and wide coverage. At present, you can see that there is a list here. It is a general module at 4G. You can see that the scene is relatively small, but the traffic to 5G is increased, 25G and 200G and 400G. For pre-transmission outdoor applications, not only It is a computer room application, but also meets the requirements of industrial grade chips and devices. In the case of tight fiber resources, the cost should be compromised. There are a lot of modules of various types, and if necessary, they will converge further. In the 5G bearer group, everyone also paid attention to this situation. At the end of October-December last year, the 5G bearer group under the promotion group also organized a task for evaluation. Because the time was tight, the Huawei center was the equipment supplier. The test, and the corresponding equipment vendors organized the corresponding tests, and at the same time, the transmission performance and system compatibility were tested accordingly. The optoelectronic interface parameters can basically meet the requirements, and further verification is needed in terms of device compatibility. At the end of last year, at the beginning of this year, some test results were also released on the white paper of 5G optical modules at the beginning of this year.

Finally, let's look at the progress of the corresponding standardization of 5G bearers; IPU is a domestically promoted one, and the related projects such as MTN and 70925G are in this year's July or February next year. Further submission will be passed at the meeting. GDMPN is also an important issue discussed at the recent Xi'an meeting. The key content of the 70925-50G discussion at the February meeting. These are the main operators and promoters of domestic operators. The OF specification is for the flexE2.1 specification 50GFLexE. Standards for 50G and 200G and 400G interfaces have been standardized, and related standards have been developed for 100 and 400G WDM interfaces. The whole push for interfaces and modules is relatively fast. This piece of IETF is not particularly fast, and it needs to be further promoted by all parties after a more sustained and clear need.

The multi-rate optical module standard is accelerated. These high-speed interfaces, especially the corresponding interfaces with long transmission distances, are related to the standardization of the three standardization organizations at the same time. The attention is very high, and they have some in FEC, etc. Some aspects have been agreed, and some are in the process of promotion. Several organizations currently have some contact letters to interact with some information. In addition, our domestic CCSA TC6WG4 is the standard for 25GB/S modules, which is ahead of the international one. Some of them have already completed the draft for comments, at the stage of completion of the review. The whole development and advancement is very fast. Therefore, in general, the 5G bearer work, after the continuous promotion of the three major operators in recent years, it should be said that both the industry and technical standards have made great progress. Just now, there are still some problems that need to be solved or pushed forward in some key technologies. It is also hoped that through the continuous efforts in our industry, the 5G commercial bearer will be advanced, and the top-level bearer will be truly completed, paving the way for 5G. I will introduce these, thank you!